ABSTRACT
This study proposes a corona pandemic model that incorporates both reported and unreported cases of virus to be more realistic. In addition, it is advised to employ both preventive measures: vaccination and treatment and applied them at the simultaneously. The optimal controls were characterized with the maximum Pontryagin principle. Finally, the results of the numerical simulations demonstrate the utility of the proposed control mechanisms and this modeling. © 2023, SCIK Publishing Corporation. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Many mathematical models describing the evolution of infectious diseases underestimate the effect of the Spatio-temporal spread of epidemics. Currently, the COVID-19 epidemic shows the importance of taking into account the spatial dynamic of epidemics and pandemics. In this contribution, we consider a multi-region discrete-time epidemic model that describes the spatial spread of an epidemic within different geographical zones assumed to be connected with the movements of their populations. Based on the fact that there are several limitations in medical resources, the authorities and health decision-makers must define a threshold of infections in order to determine if a zone is epidemic or not yet. We propose a new approach of optimal control by defining new importance functions to identify affected zones and then the need for the control intervention there. Numerical results are provided to illustrate our findings by applying this new approach in two adjacent regions of Morocco, the Casablanca-Settat and Rabat-Salé-Kénitra regions. We investigate different scenarios to show the most effective scenario, based on thresholds’ values. © 2021 the author(s).